What is NAFLD / MASLD / MAFLD?
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the updated term for what was previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This change reflects a more accurate and respectful understanding of the condition.
- The term “steatotic” refers to the buildup of fat—specifically triglycerides—within liver cells (hepatocytes), a key feature observed under the microscope.
- The previous label “non-alcoholic” was used to distinguish it from liver disease caused by alcohol, since both can show similar patterns of fat accumulation and liver inflammation.
By shifting to MASLD, the focus moves away from stigmatizing language and toward the underlying metabolic factors that contribute to liver health. This change supports a more inclusive and empowering approach to diagnosis, treatment, and awareness.
If not addressed, MASLD (formerly known as NAFLD or MAFLD) can advance to a more serious condition called NASH—nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.
Over time, NASH can lead to liver scarring (cirrhosis), which may cause lasting damage and impact liver function.
Taking steps early—through lifestyle changes, medical guidance, and regular monitoring—can help prevent this progression and protect long-term liver health.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a condition where excess fat accumulates in the liver of people who drink little or no alcohol. MASLD is the most common liver disorder in India, affecting up to 32% of adults in urban areas. It is closely linked to obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome.
MASLD can progress to more severe forms such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Early detection and lifestyle changes are crucial for prevention and management.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
- Often no symptoms in early stages
- Fatigue
- Discomfort in the upper right abdomen
- Unexplained weight loss
- Weakness
Prevention and Management
Key strategies include:
- Healthy diet low in saturated fats and sugars
- Regular exercise
- Weight loss if overweight
- Managing diabetes and cholesterol
- Avoiding alcohol
Videos on NAFLD
NAFLD in India: Statistics and Challenges
NAFLD is under diagnosed in India due to lack of awareness and screening. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to prevent progression to NASH and cirrhosis. Public health campaigns and education are needed to improve awareness and access to care.
